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European Radiology ( 50 feeds / 1 sources ) Cross-sectional area of the labrum: role in the diagnosis of anterior acetabular labral tears Abstract Objective To investigate the utility of ultrasound cross-sectional area (CSA) measurements for diagnosing acetabular labral (AL) tears. Methods The study included qualitative/quantitative ultrasound examinations of 55 hips in 52 patients with a presumed diagnosis of AL tear and 56 hips in 28 healthy volunteers. MR arthrography examinations were available only for the patients and were reviewed for the presence of AL thickening and tear. Results The CSA of the anterior labrum was significantly larger in patients with an AL tear on MR arthrography than those in healthy volunteers (P<0.01). The CSA cut-off value in determining labral thickening that maximises accuracy was 34.7 mm², and sensitivity, specificity and accuracy were 86.7%, 74.1% and 77.5%. Direct signs of AL tear on ultrasound had sensitivity, specificity and accuracy of 34.9%, 91.7% and 47.3%. The CSA cut-off value that maximises the accuracy of the AL tear was 40.6 mm², and sensitivity, specificity and accuracy were 58.1%, 91.2% and 78.4%. Conclusions Ultrasound detects the thickened labrum frequently observed in MR arthrography studies, especially in patients with dysplastic hips. Although specificity of the method of detecting AL tears is high, sensitivity is low, with an overlap between subjects with AL tear and controls. Key Points Labral degeneration is frequent in dysplastic hips Thickened labra are frequently observed on MR arthrograms Labral thickening can be depicted by quantitative ultrasound measurements The sensitivity is low with overlap between subjects with AL tear and controls Content Type Journal Article Category Musculoskeletal Pages 1-7 DOI 10.1007/s00330-012-2384-7 Authors Fatih Kantarci, Department of Radiology, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Kocamustafapasa, 34300 Istanbul, Turkey Yigit Ozpeynirci, Department of Radiology, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Kocamustafapasa, 34300 Istanbul, Turkey Mehmetcan Unlu, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Istanbul, Turkey Fatih Gulsen, Department of Radiology, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Kocamustafapasa, 34300 Istanbul, Turkey Mustafa Ozbayrak, Department of Radiology, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Kocamustafapasa, 34300 Istanbul, Turkey Huseyin Botanlioglu, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Istanbul, Turkey Muharrem Inan, Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Istanbul, Turkey Ismail Mihmanli, Department of Radiology, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Kocamustafapasa, 34300 Istanbul, Turkey Murat Cantasdemir, Department of Radiology, Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty, Istanbul University, Kocamustafapasa, 34300 Istanbul, Turkey Journal European Radiology Online ISSN 1432-1084 Print ISSN 0938-7994 ESUR prostate MR guidelines 2012 Abstract The aim was to develop clinical guidelines for multi-parametric MRI of the prostate by a group of prostate MRI experts from the European Society of Urogenital Radiology (ESUR), based on literature evidence and consensus expert opinion. True evidence-based guidelines could not be formulated, but a compromise, reflected by minimal and optimal requirements has been made. The scope of these ESUR guidelines is to promulgate high quality MRI in acquisition and evaluation with the correct indications for prostate cancer across the whole of Europe and eventually outside Europe. The guidelines for the optimal technique and three protocols for detection, staging and node and bone are presented. The use of endorectal coil vs. pelvic phased array coil and 1.5 vs. 3 T is discussed. Clinical indications and a PI-RADS classification for structured reporting are presented. Key Points This report provides guidelines for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in prostate cancer. Clinical indications, and minimal and optimal imaging acquisition protocols are provided. A structured reporting system (PI-RADS) is described. Content Type Journal Article Category Urogenital Pages 1-12 DOI 10.1007/s00330-011-2377-y Authors Jelle O. Barentsz, Department of Radiology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands Jonathan Richenberg, Brighton & Sussex University Hospital Trust, Eastern Road, Brighton, UK Richard Clements, Department of Clinical Radiology, Royal Gwent Hospital, Newport, South Wales, UK Peter Choyke, Molecular Imaging Program, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD, USA Sadhna Verma, University Of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH, USA Geert Villeirs, Division of Genitourinary Radiology, Ghent University Hospital, Ghent, Belgium Olivier Rouviere, Hospices Civils de Lyon, Department of Urinary and Vascular Imaging, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Lyon, France Vibeke Logager, Copenhagen University, Hospital Herlev, Herlev, Denmark Jurgen J. Fütterer, Department of Radiology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands Journal European Radiology Online ISSN 1432-1084 Print ISSN 0938-7994 Quantitative evaluation of contrast-enhanced ultrasound after intravenous administration of a microbubble contrast agent for differentiation of benign and malignant thyroid nodules: assessment of diagnostic accuracy Abstract Objectives To investigate the diagnostic accuracy, through quantitative analysis, of contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS), using a microbubble contrast agent, in the differentiation of thyroid nodules. Methods This prospective study enrolled 46 patients with solitary, scintigraphically non-functional thyroid nodules. These patients were scheduled for surgery and underwent preoperative CEUS with pulse-inversion harmonic imaging after intravenous microbubble contrast medium administration. Using histology as a standard of reference, timeintensity curves of benign and malignant nodules were compared by means of peak enhancement and wash-out enhancement relative to the baseline intensity using a mixed model ANOVA. ROC analysis was performed to assess the diagnostic accuracy in the differentiation of benign and malignant nodules on CEUS. Results The complete CEUS data of 42 patients (31/42 [73.8%] benign and 11/42 [26.2%] malignant nodules) revealed a significant difference (P<0.001) in enhancement between benign and malignant nodules. Furthermore, based on ROC analysis, CEUS demonstrated sensitivity of 76.9%, specificity of 84.8% and accuracy of 82.6%. Conclusions Quantitative analysis of CEUS using a microbubble contrast agent allows the differentiation of benign and malignant thyroid nodules and may potentially serve, in addition to grey-scale and Doppler ultrasound, as an adjunctive tool in the assessment of patients with thyroid nodules. Key Points Contrast-enhanced ultrasound (CEUS) helps differentiate between benign and malignant thyroid nodules. Quantitative CEUS analysis yields sensitivity of 76.9% and specificity of 84.8%. CEUS may be a potentially useful adjunct in assessing thyroid nodules. Content Type Journal Article Category Ultrasound Pages 1-9 DOI 10.1007/s00330-012-2385-6 Authors Ursula Nemec, Department of Radiology, Medical University Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria Stefan F. Nemec, Department of Radiology, Medical University Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria Clemens Novotny, Department of Nuclear Medicine, Medical University Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria Michael Weber, Department of Radiology, Medical University Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria Christian Czerny, Department of Radiology, Medical University Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria Christian R. Krestan, Department of Radiology, Medical University Vienna, Waehringer Guertel 18-20, 1090 Vienna, Austria Journal European Radiology Online ISSN 1432-1084 Print ISSN 0938-7994 Predicting stroke evolution: comparison of susceptibility-weighted MR imaging with MR perfusion Abstract Objectives To investigate the ability of susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) to predict stroke evolution in comparison with perfusion-weighted imaging (PWI). Methods In a retrospective analysis of 15 patients with non-lacunar ischaemic stroke studied no later than 24 h after symptom onset, we used the Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score (ASPECTS) to compare lesions on initial diffusion-weighted images (DWI), SWI, PWI and follow-up studies obtained at least 5 days after symptom onset. The National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale scores at entry and stroke risk factors were documented. The clinicalDWI, SWIDWI and PWIDWI mismatches were calculated. Results SWIDWI and mean transit time (MTT)DWI mismatches were significantly associated with higher incidence of infarct growth (P=0.007 and 0.028) and had similar ability to predict stroke evolution (P=1.0). ASPECTS values on initial DWI, SWI and PWI were significantly correlated with those on follow-up studies (P0.026) but not associated with infarct growth. The SWI ASPECTS values were best correlated with MTT ones (=0.8, P<0.001). Conclusions SWI is an alternative to PWI to assess penumbra and predict stroke evolution. Further prospective studies are needed to evaluate the role of SWI in guiding thrombolytic therapy. Key Points SWI can provide perfusion information comparable to MTT SWIDWI mismatch can indicate ischaemic penumbra SWIDWI mismatch can be a predictor for stroke evolution Content Type Journal Article Category Neuro Pages 1-7 DOI 10.1007/s00330-012-2387-4 Authors Hung-Wen Kao, Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California at Irvine Medical Center, 101 City Dr. South, Orange, Irvine, CA 92868, USA Fong Y. Tsai, Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California at Irvine Medical Center, 101 City Dr. South, Orange, Irvine, CA 92868, USA Anton N. Hasso, Department of Radiological Sciences, University of California at Irvine Medical Center, 101 City Dr. South, Orange, Irvine, CA 92868, USA Journal European Radiology Online ISSN 1432-1084 Print ISSN 0938-7994 MRI of the temporo-mandibular joint: which sequence is best suited to assess the cortical bone of the mandibular condyle? A cadaveric study using micro-CT as the standard of reference Abstract Objective To determine the best suited sagittal MRI sequence out of a standard temporo-mandibular joint (TMJ) imaging protocol for the assessment of the cortical bone of the mandibular condyles of cadaveric specimens using micro-CT as the standard of reference. Methods Sixteen TMJs in 8 human cadaveric heads (mean age, 81 years) were examined by MRI. Upon all sagittal sequences, two observers measured the cortical bone thickness (CBT) of the anterior, superior and posterior portions of the mandibular condyles (i.e. objective analysis), and assessed for the presence of cortical bone thinning, erosions or surface irregularities as well as subcortical bone cysts and anterior osteophytes (i.e. subjective analysis). Micro-CT of the condyles was performed to serve as the standard of reference for statistical analysis. Results Inter-observer agreements for objective (r=0.83-0.99, P<0.01) and subjective (=0.67-0.88) analyses were very good. Mean CBT measurements were most accurate, and cortical bone thinning, erosions, surface irregularities and subcortical bone cysts were best depicted on the 3D fast spoiled gradient echo recalled sequence (3D FSPGR). Conclusion The most reliable MRI sequence to assess the cortical bone of the mandibular condyles on sagittal imaging planes is the 3D FSPGR sequence. Key Points MRI may be used to assess the cortical bone of the TMJ. Depiction of cortical bone is best on 3D FSPGR sequences. MRI can assess treatment response in patients with TMJ abnormalities. Content Type Journal Article Category Musculoskeletal Pages 1-7 DOI 10.1007/s00330-012-2391-8 Authors Christoph A. Karlo, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, Rämistrasse 100, 8091 Zurich, Switzerland Raphael Patcas, Clinic for Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland Thomas Kau, Department of Diagnostic Imaging, University Childrens Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland Helmut Watzal, Department of Diagnostic Imaging, University Childrens Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland Luca Signorelli, Clinic for Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland Lukas Müller, Clinic for Orthodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland Oliver Ullrich, Institute of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland Hans-Ulrich Luder, Section of Orofacial Structures and Development, Center of Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland Christian J. Kellenberger, Department of Diagnostic Imaging, University Childrens Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland Journal European Radiology Online ISSN 1432-1084 Print ISSN 0938-7994 Pre- and post-operative diffusion tensor imaging of the median nerve in carpal tunnel syndrome Abstract Objectives To use pre- and post-operative diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) to monitor median nerve integrity in patients suffering from carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS). Methods Diffusivity and anisotropy images along the median nerve were compared among 12 patients, 12 age-matched and 12 young control subjects and correlated with electrophysiological neurography results. Slice-wise DTI parameter values were calculated to focus on local changes. Results Results of pre-operative patients and age-matched control subjects differed only in the distal nerve. Moreover, pre-operative patients differed significantly from young controls and post-operative patients. The main abnormalities were increased diffusivity and decreased anisotropy in the carpal tunnel and distal median nerve. Post-operative clinical improvement was reflected in diffusivity, but not in anisotropy. Slice-wise analysis showed high pre-operative diffusivity at the distal nerve. All groups had relatively large inter-subject variation in both diffusivity and anisotropy. Conclusions DTI can provide information complementary to clinical examination, electrophysiological recordings and anatomical MRI of diseases and injuries of peripheral nerves. However, similar age-related changes in diffusivity and anisotropy may weaken DTI specificity. Slice-wise analysis is necessary for detection of local changes in nerve integrity. Key Points Diffusion tensor magnetic resonance imaging provides information complementary to conventional diagnostic methods. Age caused similar changes to diffusivity and anisotropy as carpal tunnel syndrome. Post-operative clinical improvement was reflected in diffusivity, but not in anisotropy. Inter-subject variation in diffusivity and anisotropy was considerable. Content Type Journal Article Category Magnetic Resonance Pages 1-10 DOI 10.1007/s00330-012-2381-x Authors Jaana Hiltunen, Brain Research Unit, Low Temperature Laboratory, Aalto University School of Science, Aalto, Finland Erika Kirveskari, Brain Research Unit, Low Temperature Laboratory, Aalto University School of Science, Aalto, Finland Jussi Numminen, Brain Research Unit, Low Temperature Laboratory, Aalto University School of Science, Aalto, Finland Nina Lindfors, Department of Hand Surgery, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland Harry Göransson, Department of Hand Surgery, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland Riitta Hari, Brain Research Unit, Low Temperature Laboratory, Aalto University School of Science, Aalto, Finland Journal European Radiology Online ISSN 1432-1084 Print ISSN 0938-7994 Metal artefact reduction in gemstone spectral imaging dual-energy CT with and without metal artefact reduction software Abstract Objective To assess the usefulness of gemstone spectral imaging (GSI) dual-energy CT (DECT) with/without metal artefact reduction software (MARs). Methods The DECTs were performed using fast kV-switching GSI between 80 and 140 kV. The CT data were retro-reconstructed with/without MARs, by different displayed fields-of-view (DFOV), and with synthesised monochromatic energy in the range 40140 keV. A phantom study of size and CT numbers was performed in a titanium plate and a stainless steel plate. A clinical study was performed in 26 patients with metallic hardware. All images were retrospectively reviewed in terms of the visualisation of periprosthetic regions and the severity of beam-hardening artefacts by using a five-point scale. Results The GSI-MARs reconstruction can markedly reduce the metal-related artefacts, and the image quality was affected by the prosthesis composition and DFOV. The spectral CT numbers of the prosthesis and periprosthetic regions showed different patterns on stainless steel and titanium plates. Conclusion Dual-energy CT with GSI-MARs can reduce metal-related artefacts and improve the delineation of the prosthesis and periprosthetic region. We should be cautious when using GSI-MARs because the image quality was affected by the prosthesis composition, energy (in keV) and DFOV. The metallic composition and size should be considered in metallic imaging with GSI-MARs reconstruction. Key Points Metal-related artefacts can be troublesome on musculoskeletal computed tomography (CT). Gemstone spectral imaging (GSI) with dual-energy CT (DECT) offers a novel solution GSI and metallic artefact reduction software (GSI-MAR) can markedly reduce these artefacts. However image quality is influenced by the prosthesis composition and other parameters. We should be aware about potential overcorrection when using GSI-MARs. Content Type Journal Article Category Musculoskeletal Pages 1-10 DOI 10.1007/s00330-011-2370-5 Authors Young Han Lee, Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiological Science, Medical Convergence Research Institute, and Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 250 Seongsanno, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-752 Republic of Korea Kwan Kyu Park, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 250 Seongsanno, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-752 Republic of Korea Ho-Taek Song, Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiological Science, Medical Convergence Research Institute, and Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 250 Seongsanno, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-752 Republic of Korea Sungjun Kim, Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiological Science, Medical Convergence Research Institute, and Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 250 Seongsanno, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-752 Republic of Korea Jin-Suck Suh, Department of Radiology, Research Institute of Radiological Science, Medical Convergence Research Institute, and Severance Biomedical Science Institute, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 250 Seongsanno, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 120-752 Republic of Korea Journal European Radiology Online ISSN 1432-1084 Print ISSN 0938-7994 Are intravenous injections of contrast media really less nephrotoxic than intra-arterial injections? Abstract We oppose the opinion that the intra-arterial administration of iodine-based contrast media (CM) appears to pose a greater risk of contrast medium-induced nephropathy (CIN) than intravenous administration since 1) in intra-arterial coronary procedures and most other intra-arterial angiographic examinations, CM injections are also intravenous relative to the kidneys, 2) there is a lack of comparative trials studying the risk of CIN between intra-arterial and intravenous procedures with matched risk factors and CM doses, 3) a bias selection of patients with fewer risk factors may explain the seemingly lower rate of CIN after CT in comparison with coronary interventions, 4) the rate of CIN following intra-arterial coronary procedures may also be exaggerated owing to other causes of acute kidney failure, such as haemodynamic instability and microembolisation, 5) roughly the same gram-iodine/GFR ratio (1:1) as a limit of relatively safe CM doses has preliminarily been found for both intravenous CT and intra-arterial coronary procedures and 6) the substantially higher injected intravenous CM dose rate during CT relative to an intra-arterial coronary procedure might actually pose a higher risk of CIN following CT. Key Points Most intra-arterial injections of contrast media are intravenous relative to the kidneys. No evidence that intravenous CM injections should be less nephrotoxic than intra-arterial. Considerably higher dose rates of CM are used for CT relative to intra-arterial procedures. Higher dose rates may pose higher nephrotoxic risk for intravenous based CT studies. Content Type Journal Article Category Contrast Media Pages 1-6 DOI 10.1007/s00330-011-2371-4 Authors Ulf Nyman, Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Lund, Lasarettet Trelleborg, SE-231 85 Trelleborg, Sweden Torsten Almén, Department of Clinical Sciences/Medical Radiology, University of Lund, Skåne University Hospital, SE-205 02 Malmö, Sweden Bo Jacobsson, Department of Diagnostic Radiology, The Queen Silvia Childrens Hospital, University of Gothenburg and the Sahlgrenska Academy, SE-416 85 Göteborg, Sweden Peter Aspelin, Division of Medical Imaging and Technology, Department of Clinical Science, Intervention and Technology (CLINTEC), Karolinska Institute and University Hospital, SE-14186 Stockholm, Sweden Journal European Radiology Online ISSN 1432-1084 Print ISSN 0938-7994 Chronic mesenteric ischaemia: 28-year experience of endovascular treatment Abstract Objective To report the outcomes associated with endovascular therapy for patients with chronic mesenteric ischemia (CMI). Methods A retrospective review of patients who underwent endovascular therapy for CMI between April 1981 and September 2009 at a single institution was performed. Procedural details, mesenteric arteries treated, technical and clinical success rates, outcomes per patient and per vessel were assessed. Results In 166 patients treatment was attempted using a variety of balloon and stent platforms during the 28-year period. The technical success rate was 97% per patient and 94% per vessel. The technical success rate of stenting (99.4%) was higher than for percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA; 86%; P=0.0001). Immediate clinical improvement was seen in 146 out of 166 (88.2%). The type of guidewire or device platform, brachial vs. femoral artery access, balloon and/or stent diameters used, and stenosis vs. occlusion had no statistical impact on mortality or the primary patency of any mesenteric artery outcomes. The outcome of the superior mesenteric artery (SMA) with PTA appears to be superior to that of stenting (P=0.014). Conclusion Technical success rates are improved with the use of stents; however, PTA use in the SMA seems to offer better primary patency rates. Key Points Superior mesenteric artery (SMA) stenosis is often responsible for ischaemic symptoms. Treatment with percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) seems superior to stenting Although technical success rates are improved with the use of stents. Higher mortality in the elderly and those presenting with nausea/vomiting/bloody stools. Content Type Journal Article Category Vascular-Interventional Pages 1-13 DOI 10.1007/s00330-011-2376-z Authors Ulku Cenk Turba, Interventional Radiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA Wael E. Saad, Interventional Radiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA Bulent Arslan, Interventional Radiology, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL, USA Saher S. Sabri, Interventional Radiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA Stacey Trotter, Johns Hopkins, Radiology, Baltimore, MD, USA John F. Angle, Interventional Radiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA Klaus D. Hagspiel, Interventional Radiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA John A. Kern, Interventional Radiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA Kenneth J. Cherry, Interventional Radiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA Alan H. Matsumoto, Interventional Radiology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA, USA Journal European Radiology Online ISSN 1432-1084 Print ISSN 0938-7994 MR relaxometry of the liver: significant elevation of T1 relaxation time in patients with liver cirrhosis Abstract Objectives To evaluate hepatic relaxation times T1, T2 and T2* in healthy subjects and patients with liver cirrhosis stratified by the Child-Pugh classification (CPC). Methods Sixty-one consecutive patients were stratified by CPC (class A=26; B=20; C=15) and compared with age-matched controls (n=31). Relaxometry measurements were performed at 1.5 T using six saturation recovery times (2003,000 ms) to determine liver T1, six echo times (TE 14113 ms) for T2 and eight TE (4.838 ms) for T2* assessment. Signal intensities in selected regions of interest in the liver parenchyma were fitted to theoretical models with least squares minimisation algorithms to determine T1, T2 and T2. Results The most significant difference was the higher T1 values (852±132 ms) in cirrhotic livers compared with controls (678±45 ms, P<0.0001). A less significant difference was seen for T2 (23±5 vs. 26±7 ms). Subdifferentiation showed a statistically significant difference between control group and individual CPC classes as well as between class C and classes A or B for T1 relaxation times. Conclusion Measurement of T1 relaxation time can differentiate healthy subjects from patients with liver cirrhosis, and can distinguish between mild/moderate disease (CPC A/B) and advanced disease (CPC C). Key Points Significantly elevated magnetic resonance T1 relaxation times are found in liver cirrhosis. T1 relaxation times can distinguish healthy subjects from patients with liver cirrhosis. T1 relaxation times can distinguish ChildPugh classes A and B from C. Content Type Journal Article Category Hepatobiliary-Pancreas Pages 1-9 DOI 10.1007/s00330-012-2378-5 Authors Tobias Heye, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany Schu-Ren Yang, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany Michael Bock, Department of Medical Physics in Radiology, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany Sylvia Brost, Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany Kilian Weigand, Department of Gastroenterology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany Thomas Longerich, Institute of Pathology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany Hans-Ulrich Kauczor, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany Waldemar Hosch, Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany Journal European Radiology Online ISSN 1432-1084 Print ISSN 0938-7994 ... altre notizie